Green Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles using Crude Extract of Crotalaria burhia

Abstract

Background: Appearance of antibiotic resistance has raised the demand to find alternative therapies and modified drug delivery system of medicinal plants to treat bacterial infections.

Objective: The aim of this study is the green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles by using crude extract of Crotalaria burhia and to evaluate their antibacterial potential.

Methods: The roots and stems of plant were used to prepare the crude extract. The phytochemical analysis of different compounds in extract was performed. 1mM AgNO₃ and different concentrations of plant extract were used for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The particles size and zeta potential were measured by zeta sizer while surface morphology of silver nanoparticles was observed with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles was performed by 96 well microdilution plate method.

Results: The particle size and zeta potential of optimized formulation was 92 nm and -24.8 mV. The SEM analysis showed that silver nanoparticles are irregular and spherical shape. The antibacterial activity showed that MIC value of silver nanoparticles was lower for E. coli than S. aureus.

Conclusion: Silver nanoparticles possess potent bactericidal activity against E. coli and moderate activity against S. aureus. It had been concluded that these nanoparticles can be used against multi-drug resistant bacterial infections.