Exploration and Attentiveness of Lipid Profiles, Serum Magnesium, HbA1C Level in Urban Pakistan (Karachi): Diabetic Patients (Type 1 and Type 2) vs. Healthy Persons

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is most noticeable and the prevalent diseases in Pakistan. The point of this investigation was the awareness and estimation of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), serum magnesium and lipid profile in normal healthy persons and diabetic patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional investigation was directed in diverse age groups of Pakistani nationals i.e., 300 subjects, 100 diabetics not including complications (Set I), 100 diabetics with complications (Set II) and 100 usual normal healthy (Set III). Data was collected by means of personal interview with the participants using a pre-designed questionnaire which was prepared by the pharmacy students of Jinnah University for Women, for each diabetic and non-diabetic patient.

Results: In this survey glucose, magnesium, HbA1C (%), cholesterol and triglyceride level were conducted in diabetic patients (39-56 of age), and awareness of DM were conducted (15 to above 25 of age). Patients having diabetes were 47.1%, among them 11.8% were type 2 diabetic and 5.1% having type1 DM. HbA1C results were in between 6.6% to 11.2%, awareness about the magnesium serum test were 29.30%, 21.4% patients have complications of proteinuria and albuminuria, 7.1% have nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy. 40% have hypertension, 61.40% never checked their blood sugar level and 21.7% don’t have knowledge about type 3 diabetes.

Conclusion: The motivation behind this examination was to assemble data about the level of control of diabetes with improving knowledge and awareness of DM to better inform patients, families, and communities about this chronic disease in existing healthcare systems.