Prevalence and Risk Factors of Postnatal Depression in Females with Cesarean Section and Normal Vaginal Delivery

Muhammad Asif; Muhammad Saleem Rana; Asif Hanif; Syed Amir Gilani; Sultan Ayaz; Ume Habiba; Benish Ali

doi:10.37962/jpps.v8i3.471

Muhammad Asif University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Muhammad Saleem Rana University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Asif Hanif University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Syed Amir Gilani University Institute of Public Health, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
Sultan Ayaz Directorate of Medical Sciences, Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
Ume Habiba Directorate of Medical Sciences, Department of Public Health, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
Benish Ali Directorate of Medical Sciences, Department of Orthotics and prosthetics, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37962/jpps.v8i3.471

Keywords: Postnatal Depression, Risk factors, EPDS, Parenting knowledge

Abstract

Objectives: To find the prevalence and risk factors of postnatal depression and association of parenting sense of competence with postnatal depression among females with cesarean section and normal vaginal delivery.

Methods: This case-control study was conducted in Allied hospital and Children hospital Faisalabad during a period of 1-1-2019 to 30-06-2020. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to enroll 284 women. The Urdu version of Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale was used to measure postnatal depression.

Results: The mean age (in years) ± SD was 27.39±5.26 (min 18 years, max 45 years). According to cut-off score ≥13 on EPDS 37.3% women were found depressed while 62.7% women were found non-depressed. The mean EPDS score ± SD was 10.12 ± 6.27 (min score 0; max score 27). The women’s age, women’s education, education of head of family, monthly income of family and socio-economic status, mode of delivery, delivery place, number of pregnancies, history of infant death, history of child death, history of miscarriage and number of living children and parenting sense of competence were significantly associated with postnatal depression (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Socio-demographic, obstetric risk factors, and parenting sense of competence are significant predictors of postnatal depression that need to be addressed in order to sustain safe motherhood.